Specific proposals are made to open agricultural banks for the relief of peasantry. They put emphasis on the appointment of Indians in the government services. A look at the resolution passed on these methods would be given an idea the directions of Congress programs were taking.Ī) Civil Rights: The Congress leaders realized the value of freedom of speech and press, the right to organize processions, meetings and similar other rights.ī) Administrative: The Congress leaders urged the government to remove certain administrative abuses and run public welfare measures. Through the resolutions, the humble demands made by Congress included civil rights, administrative, constitutional and economic policies. Policies of Indian National Congress during 1885–1905īetween 18, the Indian National Congress passed several resolutions in its annual sessions. The other members were mostly Hindus from the Bombay and Madras Presidencies. Besides Hume, two additional British members (both Scottish civil servants) were members of the founding group, William Wedderburn and Justice (later, Sir) John Jardine. Hume assumed office as the General Secretary, and Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee of Calcutta was elected president. On 28 December 1885, the Indian National Congress was founded at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay, with 72 delegates in attendance. The appeal however, was a failure, and was interpreted by many Indians as "a rude shock, but a true realization that they had to fight their battles alone." These included opposition to taxation of India to finance British campaigns in Afghanistan, and support for legislative reform in India. Hume and a group of educated Indians came together on October 12 and published "An Appeal from the People of India to the Electors of Great Britain and Ireland" which asked British voters in the 1885 British general election to support candidates sympathetic to the positions of Indians. In May 1885, Hume secured the viceroy's approval to create an "Indian National Union", which would be affiliated with the government and act as a platform to voice Indian public opinion. If you, the picked men, the most highly educated of the nation, cannot, scorning personal ease and selfish objects, make a resolute struggle to secure greater freedom for yourselves and your country, a more impartial administration, a larger share in the management of your own affairs, then we, your friends, are wrong and our adversaries right, then are Lord Ripon's noble aspirations for your good fruitless and visionary, then, at present at any rate all hopes of progress are at an end and India truly neither desires nor deserves any better Government than she enjoys. In an 1883 letter, he wrote that,Įvery nation secures precisely as good a Government as it merits. Hume embarked on an endeavor to get an organization started by reaching-out to selected alumni of the University of Calcutta. Ironically, a few of the reasons that the Congress grew and survived, particularly in the 19th century era of undisputed British dominance or hegemony, was through the patronage of British authorities and the rising class of Indians and Anglo-Indians educated in the English language-based British tradition. British-controlled India, known as the British Raj, or just the Raj, worked to try to support and justify its governance of India with the aid of English-educated Indians, who tended to be more familiar with and friendly to British culture and political thinking.
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After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, control of India was transferred from the East India Company to the British Empire.
#Definition of indian national congress free
Retired British Indian Civil Service (ICS) officer Allan Octavian Hume founded the Indian National Congress (A political party of India (British India to Free India)) in order to form a platform for civil and political dialogue among educated Indians.